Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Civil Wars in Western Africa Nigeria, Sierra Leone

Since the establishment of states and republics, there has always been conflict between groups inhabiting said states, which is a layman’s definition of civil war. The scholarly definition of a Civil war is a war between organized groups within a state. Since the end of WWII, there has been a total of 122 Civil wars ranging from the Greek Civil war in 1946 to the Syrian civil war that is happening as of today. A civil war is not an entity seen only in the underdeveloped countries of the world, and superpowers like the United States and Russia have experienced civil wars in their past. Due to the fact that conflicts do happen in states, there are some criteria’s a conflict in a state has to meet to be considered a civil war. According to Peacekeeping and the peace kept by Professor Page Fortna, she states that for a conflict to be considered a civil war, it must have â€Å"a) caused more than 1,000 battle deaths, b) the war represented a challenge to the sovereignty of an internationally recognized state, c) the war occurred within the recognized boundary of that state, d) the war involved the state as one of the principal combatants, e) the rebels were able to mount an organized military opposition to the state and to inflict significant casualties on the state.† (Fortna). In addition, since the end of WWII, civil wars have lasted on average over four years and can bring tremendous economic collapse as seen in Somalia, Uganda, Angola, and more currently Syria. Since the end ofShow MoreRelated The West African Regional War Essay3200 Words   |  13 PagesThe West Africa Regional War For observers of the West Africa regional war, the recent calm in the war-torn Mano River Union (MRU) states Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea has given rise to optimism. Guarded, as this optimism might be, the decrease in violence in West Africa during the second half of 2001 is an important development given the scope and intensity of fighting that gripped these states earlier in the year. While observers agree that the current absence of widespread violent conflictRead MoreHuman Rights Violations And Corruption1619 Words   |  7 Pagescorruption in Africa. The international community has failed to act because they are not enabled with financial resources or the power to force sovereign nations to act in accordance with basic and universal civil rights. As a result, African citizens are suffering from the actions of the nations around the world and then are abandoned to help themselves. In East Africa, widespread drought and famine were preventable but ignored and starvation is w ide spread in the region. Sierra Leone continues toRead MoreExploring Ways of Conceptualizing ASD in Africa1439 Words   |  6 PagesDISSERTATION. Exploring ways of conceptualizing ASD in Africa. Questioning the cultural sensitivity of the DSM. Rodeen Beresford-Cole 27/05/14 Exploring research findings of ASD etiology and epidemiology in non-western cultures in developing countries. This will determine whether the DSM is culturally sensitive to other parts of the world. Does the DSM take into account different conceptual social constructs of mental health from diverse cultures? The manual mentions that professionals shouldRead MoreEbola Epidemic : Interactions Throughout Culture, Biology And Ecology1593 Words   |  7 PagesEbola. The few cases outside of Africa transformed it into a global issue; an urgent geopolitical question. (Wilson, 2015, 33) Poverty was a significant factor in the spread of the disease: poor infrastructure, health systems and mistrust of the government added more challenges to the social and cultural environment surrounding Ebola. This essay will provide a detailed overview of cultural factors that led to advanced spread of Ebola in Western and Central Africa in 2014, as well as an analysis ofRead MoreColonialism And Its Impact O n Africa1206 Words   |  5 Pagesestablishment had one of the biggest impacts on Africa. This experience of colonialism began to take effect between the 1400s and 1800s. It started when the Europeans arrived to Africa and set up trading posts. In the late 1800s and early 1900s the increase of European power took over most of the continent. The legacy of the colonial experience will influence the history of the continent. Mid 1700s to the late 1880s the Europeans increased their involvement in Africa. The reason was the resistance againstRead MoreWhy is Africa so under-developed?1653 Words   |  7 PagesAfrica is the world’s second largest continent and the second most populated continent behind Asia. Africa is the poorest and the most undeveloped continent in the world, and is commonly referred to as a ‘Third World Continent’. The term ‘Third World’ came around during the Cold War to classify countries/continents that remained self-governing with a capitalist or communist government. This definition allows us to categorise the nations of the world into three groups based on social, politicalRead MoreThe Media s Choice Of A Desert2122 Words   |  9 Pagesunderstand the message but question some elements. The audience members in this position can be elites or the few Americans who have traveled to Nigeria or other developed African countries. They understand the media message but also are well informed to know it is a thing of the past and this fictional version does not represent the exact civil war in Nigeria. So they might question the media communicator’s choice of using a desert to represent the country. The audience members in the oppositional positionRead MoreThe Determinants of Female Genital Mutilation in Sierra Leone: A Recommendation for Local Non Governmental Organizations2810 Words   |  12 Pagesmillion girls and women deal with the consequences and every year 3 million girls are circumcised.(UNICEF 2013)⠁   Sierra Leone, located in West-Africa, is one of the countries where FGM is practiced (textbox 1). Here, prevalence of FGM is about 90%. Types I and II (table 1) are most prevalent, accounting together for about 75%.(DHS 2013)⠁   FGM occurs in all 16 ethnic groups in Sierra Leone, in highest amount in the Temne and lowest amount in the minority group of Christian Krio.(MICS 2011)⠁  Ã¢    The procedureRead MoreThe Intervention And Peace Mechanisms1657 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Sub-Saharan Africa has been the ‘problem child’ of the international community ever since the end of decolonization. The continent is drowned in development aid while simultaneously being locked into a colonial power structure wherein foreign powers decide the fate of its natural resources. No other continent has witnessed such a bizarre combination of foreign thievery and foreign goodwill. Furthermore, it has seen a rather large percentage of civil (or so-called intrastate) wars during the lastRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide And Ethnic Conflict1768 Words   |  8 Pagesgroups in Africa number in the hundreds, each generally having its own language and culture. The major ethnic group in Africa is Bantu with more than 60 million people speaking it as their native language. There are two major bantu groups; the Western Bantus which includes the Herero and languages families and the Eastern Bantu which includes Xhosa, Zulu, Kikuyu, Kamba and Shona peoples who have ethnic gro ups that are made up of people who are in Zimbabwe, Kenya, Mozambique and down South Africa. The

No comments:

Post a Comment

Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.