Civil Wars in Western Africa Nigeria, Sierra Leone

Since the establishment of states and republics, there has always been conflict between groups inhabiting said states, which is a layman’s definition of civil war. The scholarly definition of a Civil war is a war between organized groups within a state. Since the end of WWII, there has been a total of 122 Civil wars ranging from the Greek Civil war in 1946 to the Syrian civil war that is happening as of today. A civil war is not an entity seen only in the underdeveloped countries of the world, and superpowers like the United States and Russia have experienced civil wars in their past. Due to the fact that conflicts do happen in states, there are some criteria’s a conflict in a state has to meet to be considered a civil war. According to Peacekeeping and the peace kept by Professor Page Fortna, she states that for a conflict to be considered a civil war, it must have â€Å"a) caused more than 1,000 battle deaths, b) the war represented a challenge to the sovereignty of an internationally recognized state, c) the war occurred within the recognized boundary of that state, d) the war involved the state as one of the principal combatants, e) the rebels were able to mount an organized military opposition to the state and to inflict significant casualties on the state.† (Fortna). In addition, since the end of WWII, civil wars have lasted on average over four years and can bring tremendous economic collapse as seen in Somalia, Uganda, Angola, and more currently Syria. Since the end ofShow MoreRelated The West African Regional War Essay3200 Words   |  13 PagesThe West Africa Regional War For observers of the West Africa regional war, the recent calm in the war-torn Mano River Union (MRU) states Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea has given rise to optimism. Guarded, as this optimism might be, the decrease in violence in West Africa during the second half of 2001 is an important development given the scope and intensity of fighting that gripped these states earlier in the year. While observers agree that the current absence of widespread violent conflictRead MoreHuman Rights Violations And Corruption1619 Words   |  7 Pagescorruption in Africa. The international community has failed to act because they are not enabled with financial resources or the power to force sovereign nations to act in accordance with basic and universal civil rights. As a result, African citizens are suffering from the actions of the nations around the world and then are abandoned to help themselves. In East Africa, widespread drought and famine were preventable but ignored and starvation is w ide spread in the region. Sierra Leone continues toRead MoreExploring Ways of Conceptualizing ASD in Africa1439 Words   |  6 PagesDISSERTATION. Exploring ways of conceptualizing ASD in Africa. Questioning the cultural sensitivity of the DSM. Rodeen Beresford-Cole 27/05/14 Exploring research findings of ASD etiology and epidemiology in non-western cultures in developing countries. This will determine whether the DSM is culturally sensitive to other parts of the world. Does the DSM take into account different conceptual social constructs of mental health from diverse cultures? The manual mentions that professionals shouldRead MoreEbola Epidemic : Interactions Throughout Culture, Biology And Ecology1593 Words   |  7 PagesEbola. The few cases outside of Africa transformed it into a global issue; an urgent geopolitical question. (Wilson, 2015, 33) Poverty was a significant factor in the spread of the disease: poor infrastructure, health systems and mistrust of the government added more challenges to the social and cultural environment surrounding Ebola. This essay will provide a detailed overview of cultural factors that led to advanced spread of Ebola in Western and Central Africa in 2014, as well as an analysis ofRead MoreColonialism And Its Impact O n Africa1206 Words   |  5 Pagesestablishment had one of the biggest impacts on Africa. This experience of colonialism began to take effect between the 1400s and 1800s. It started when the Europeans arrived to Africa and set up trading posts. In the late 1800s and early 1900s the increase of European power took over most of the continent. The legacy of the colonial experience will influence the history of the continent. Mid 1700s to the late 1880s the Europeans increased their involvement in Africa. The reason was the resistance againstRead MoreWhy is Africa so under-developed?1653 Words   |  7 PagesAfrica is the world’s second largest continent and the second most populated continent behind Asia. Africa is the poorest and the most undeveloped continent in the world, and is commonly referred to as a ‘Third World Continent’. The term ‘Third World’ came around during the Cold War to classify countries/continents that remained self-governing with a capitalist or communist government. This definition allows us to categorise the nations of the world into three groups based on social, politicalRead MoreThe Media s Choice Of A Desert2122 Words   |  9 Pagesunderstand the message but question some elements. The audience members in this position can be elites or the few Americans who have traveled to Nigeria or other developed African countries. They understand the media message but also are well informed to know it is a thing of the past and this fictional version does not represent the exact civil war in Nigeria. So they might question the media communicator’s choice of using a desert to represent the country. The audience members in the oppositional positionRead MoreThe Determinants of Female Genital Mutilation in Sierra Leone: A Recommendation for Local Non Governmental Organizations2810 Words   |  12 Pagesmillion girls and women deal with the consequences and every year 3 million girls are circumcised.(UNICEF 2013)⠁   Sierra Leone, located in West-Africa, is one of the countries where FGM is practiced (textbox 1). Here, prevalence of FGM is about 90%. Types I and II (table 1) are most prevalent, accounting together for about 75%.(DHS 2013)⠁   FGM occurs in all 16 ethnic groups in Sierra Leone, in highest amount in the Temne and lowest amount in the minority group of Christian Krio.(MICS 2011)⠁  Ã¢    The procedureRead MoreThe Intervention And Peace Mechanisms1657 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Sub-Saharan Africa has been the ‘problem child’ of the international community ever since the end of decolonization. The continent is drowned in development aid while simultaneously being locked into a colonial power structure wherein foreign powers decide the fate of its natural resources. No other continent has witnessed such a bizarre combination of foreign thievery and foreign goodwill. Furthermore, it has seen a rather large percentage of civil (or so-called intrastate) wars during the lastRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide And Ethnic Conflict1768 Words   |  8 Pagesgroups in Africa number in the hundreds, each generally having its own language and culture. The major ethnic group in Africa is Bantu with more than 60 million people speaking it as their native language. There are two major bantu groups; the Western Bantus which includes the Herero and languages families and the Eastern Bantu which includes Xhosa, Zulu, Kikuyu, Kamba and Shona peoples who have ethnic gro ups that are made up of people who are in Zimbabwe, Kenya, Mozambique and down South Africa. The

Critically discuss the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism,...

Critically discuss the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism, explaining the reasons or arguments given by Buddhism to support these Truths and discussing at least one objection that could be raised against the first Noble Truth and one objection that could be raised against thesecond Noble Truth. The four noble truths of Buddhism take an important role in this religion. As it is called forth noble truths, it mainly divided in 4 parts: Dukkha, Samudaya, Nirodha, and the last part is the Magga. The four noble truth were discovered by Sakyamuni and it were also announced by him. (Tsering, 2010) the main purpose of the Four Noble Truth is to tell people that the world is full of suffering and the reason that the people suffer is because of human’s†¦show more content†¦From the discussion above, it is proved that â€Å"Thirst† is not the unique reason that makes suffering exists but it is the most obvious and the most direct reason. Therefore, the definition of Samudaya that is written down in Pali Canon, it noticed that beside of Thirst as the main reason, there are still many different reason that makes suffering exists. The meaning of Thirsty in this second noble truth is not just about the dedication to desire, richness and power, but it also about the dedication to idea, dreams, perspective, theories, concepts and religious. (Tsering, 2010) Due to the analysis by Buddha, all of the disputes on this world such as quarreling at home or even world wars, are all occurred by the feeling of â€Å"Thirsty†. From this point of view, it is obvious that the essence on this world is all related to the principle of â€Å"thirsty†: When people are thirsting to improve, then it occurs war. (Engle, 2009) In fact, Buddha pointed out a point that he thinks† Human being always have the feeling which is called â€Å"unsatisfied†. That makes them to become the slave of Thirst.†(Engle, 2009) In the teaching of Buddhist, Samudaya is one or the most important doctrine. In the perspective of Buddhism, it is important to remember the cause of suffering: The cause of suffering is always i nside the suffering and it will never be outside of suffering. (Bodhi, 1994) In the original Pali Canon, there is an equationShow MoreRelatedThe Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism1533 Words   |  7 PagesCritically discuss the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism, explaining the reasons or arguments given by Buddhism to support these Truths and discussing at least one objection that could be raised against the first Noble Truth and one objection that could be raised against the second Noble Truth. Buddhism see’s the Four Noble Truths as the Buddha’s way of explaining the truth of the human condition and are described as the essence of His teachings. The Four Noble Truths play an important part in understandingRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesWeidemann-Book Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2011, 2007, 2005, 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction

English As A Second Language Essay - 1497 Words

Learning Academic English as a Second Language When I started searching about topics that are related to Academic English I came up with the features of Academic English but this was a general topic so I looked for other topics. I searched on google about other topics, such as the importance of Academic English. I noticed a website that is about the importance of Academic English for non-native speakers. That really interested me because it is a personal topic since English is my second language. My initial assumption was that English is a very important language to learn because it is widely spoken around the world. It is important to maintain the skills of academic English especially for those who desire to be special in their academic life because English is the most spoken language in the science and economic wise. Hence, learning another language is important especially when it comes to the academic language. My research question is what is the importance of learning academic English for non-native speakers in the career lif e perspective. As my topic is about the importance of Academic English for non-native speakers I started my research by searching on google about The Importance of Learning English regarding career life. I think speaking a good English is important because It helps in communicating with other people from other cultures and that is important with the increasing of today’s economy around the world. I found an article that is â€Å"Why Speaking ProperShow MoreRelatedEnglish as a Second Language1197 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish as a second language is becoming more popular all across the globe. It is not surprising, because English is the main language of business and commerce, trade, advertising, sport, of science, medicine, education, of popular music, entertainment, computers, video games and the Internet. Most of the scientific, technological and academic information in the world is available primarily in English. English unites and connects people from many different count ries and cultures more so than otherRead MoreEnglish As A Second Language1620 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction Language acquisition is an important process in every person’s life. As the world becomes more interconnected, there is increasing need for humanity to communicate with each other. According to Chang (2011), language is the avenue through which information is shared. The question of â€Å"which language† has baffled the academic community over time and across space. In the final analysis, it appears that the language that most people in the world should speak actually has political connotationsRead MoreEnglish As A Second Language894 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction English plays a significant role in the whole world from the last few decades. For all the students whose mother tongue is not English, which as a second language (ESL) is much difficult to study than those students who study English as the first language. Therefore, the ESL classroom becomes more and more significant. A successful ESL lesson includes several aspects: the teacher’s questions, the interaction between teacher and students and the task-based learning, etc. ThisRead MoreLearning English As A Second Language1408 Words   |  6 Pages English is one of the main languages which is widely used all over the world. However, for some students, the process of learning English as a second language is not that smooth compared with other subjects they have learnt. Due to the difficulties in learning, it is easy to make students lose their interest. Nevertheless, interest is one of the strongest motivations for learning English. Parsons, Hinson and Brown (2001) defined motivation as an important component in learning the process. ThusRead MoreThe Importance Of English As A Second Language1245 Words   |  5 Pagesimportance of English as a second language. This work focuses in the little importance that the majority of Puerto Ricans give to the language. English is taught in all the schools as a requirement, it is mandatory. It is taken for granted by many people because they think they don’t need to learn English since they live in a Spanish speaking country. However, this language is very important since it s a global language, spoken all over the world. Knowing English as a second language helps you relateRead MoreEnglish As Second Language Learning776 Words   |  4 Pagesplays a significant role in English as second language learning process. For the majority of English as Second Language(ESL) learners, the ultimate goal of learning the language is to understand (read and listen) and communicate (write and speak) with little difficulty and the lack of sufficient vocabulary may be the constraint of such goal (Folse, 2004). As the bedrock of English and as well as language, vocabulary also facilitates the development of other language skills: lexical richness leadsRead MoreEnglish As A Second Or Foreign Language Essay1131 Words   |  5 PagesAs the world’s economy globalizes, English becomes the first priority language among the foreign languages in most non-English speaking countries, including Ch ina. In China, there is a boost of English learning and teaching (Sun, 2013). More and more Chinese people learn English as a second or foreign language. However, according to a survey of China’s language situation that was conducted in 2006, only 1.8% of English learners in China claimed to be able to act as interpreters on formal occasionsRead MoreEnglish As A Second Language Essay980 Words   |  4 Pagespreconception that people who learn English as a second language are somewhat less intelligent than people who learned it as their first language. Subconsciously some people think that people who learn English as a second language dont have the ability to understand the language completely. Especially if they speak with an accent, a person tends to use â€Å"simple† words to somewhat help that person understand. When in fact, people who learn English as a second language are just as intelligent or even moreRead MoreAmerican English As A Second Language Essay1591 Wo rds   |  7 PagesThe American English is used a lot around here, people who come to the U.S, they would have to learn to speak English. The United States have mixtures of many different cultures, such as Central Americans, Southeast Asia, and Middle Eastern; between these foreigners they all have to communicate some way because every day here in the United States they will cross each other and will have to communicate. It is troublesome for the foreigners to live in the United States, because they are not from hereRead MoreTeaching English As A Second Language1422 Words   |  6 Pagesmethodologies across all learning areas. Choosing an appropriate teaching methodology will make the process of teaching English as a second language easier and more rewarding for the teachers and students, and increase the likelihood of success. In this research, I will analyses a video clip of an ESL/EFL teacher and class in action for reflection on and evaluating the mythology to promote languag e learning. The video clip chosen for analysis is from lessons included in Harmer (2007) published by YouTube.

Definitions of Tourism free essay sample

The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people traveling to and staying In places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes. All this environmental changes will affect the Individual who travels but also the host. If we look to the definition of Safari we will see that the focus on Individual and Industry will be affected directly. The industry will be affected by the rise and quick development.Tourist and host have a equal contribution to these changes. To make these changes it involves people. For example a higher number of travelers will raise the industry very fast and make the changes also much faster. Recognize the demand supply to meet that demand and that the impact that comes from both it also acknowledged the idea of flow from the origin destination to the final new destination. Safari is not giving any attention in his definition for the motives or purpose and usual habitat. We will write a custom essay sample on Definitions of Tourism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He Just avoids the subject Itself leaving a gap from his definition to Pearce definition. Pearce gives the details about the purpose of the travelers. He can see a potential traveler with two mall consequences on the Industry, one Is for business and one for holiday. Pears also Includes In his modern definition the promotion and planning of the trip Safari also providing services to the customers. Pearce and Safari see a potential impact between the elements of the definitions.Pearce impact are not lardier by him, Safari see the impact on the hosts social-cultural, economic and physical environments. The impact can be positive or negative in both cases of the definitions depending on the actions of the tourism subjects. From another perspective, tourism is defined by Safari as a dynamic, evolving, customer-driven force. It is a science and a business, attracting and transporting visitors, accommodating them and graciously catering to their needs and wants. Both definitions Include the world needs.In both cases this needs are of the tourist itself. If organizer will cover all needs of all Interested subjects in special tourist areas this can have a negative Impact. Bringing this to common elements together needs and Impact will have also common consequences. Tourism without Limits threatens the very essence of what people are flocking to see in the first place the culture, the environment, the people. Long-term damage from tourism without a responsibility plan is a lose-lose for all concerned Rudy Definitions of TourismBy southwestward staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive affect the individual who travels but also the host. If we look to the definition of Safari we will see that the focus on individual and industry will be affected directly. Flow from the origin destination to the final new destination. Safari is not giving any avoids the subject itself leaving a gap from his definition to Pearce definition. Traveler with two main consequences on the industry, one is for business and one for loudly.